Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of TracEnvironment

Timestamp:

May 28, 2012 3:22:51 PM (12 years ago)

Author:

trac

Comment:

--

TracEnvironment

@@ +1 @@
+= The Trac Environment =
+
+Trac uses a directory structure and a database for storing project data. The directory is referred to as the “environment”.
+
+== Creating an Environment ==
+
+A new Trac environment is created using  [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin]:
+{{{
+$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject initenv
+}}}
+
+[wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] will ask you for the name of the project, the
+database connection string (explained below), and the type and path to
+your source code repository.
+
+''Note: The web server user will require file system write permission to 
+the environment directory and all the files inside. Please remember to set
+the appropriate permissions. The same applies to the Subversion repository 
+Trac is eventually using, although Trac will only require read access as long 
+as you're not using the BDB file system. Also, it seems that project names
+with spaces can be problematic for authentication (see [trac:#7163]).''
+
+''Note: "initenv" when using svn repository does not imply that trac-admin will perform "svnadmin create" for the specified repository path. You need to perform the "svnadmin create" prior to trac-admin initenv if you're creating a new svn repository altogether with a new trac environment, otherwise you will see a message "Warning: couldn't index the repository" when initializing the environment.''
+
+== Database Connection Strings ==
+
+Since version 0.9, Trac supports both [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite] and
+[http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL] database backends.  Preliminary
+support for [http://mysql.com/ MySQL] was added in 0.10.  The default is
+to use SQLite, which is probably sufficient for most projects. The database
+file is then stored in the environment directory, and can easily be 
+[wiki:TracBackup backed up] together with the rest of the environment.
+
+=== Embedded SQLite Connection String ===
+The connection string for an embedded SQLite database is:
+{{{
+sqlite:db/trac.db
+}}}
+
+=== PostgreSQL Connection String ===
+If you want to use PostgreSQL or MySQL instead, you'll have to use a
+different connection string. For example, to connect to a PostgreSQL
+database on the same machine called `trac`, that allows access to the
+user `johndoe` with the password `letmein`, use:
+{{{
+postgres://johndoe:letmein@localhost/trac
+}}}
+''Note that due to the way the above string is parsed, the "/" and "@" characters cannot be part of the password.''
+
+If PostgreSQL is running on a non-standard port (for example 9342), use:
+{{{
+postgres://johndoe:letmein@localhost:9342/trac
+}}}
+
+On UNIX, you might want to select a UNIX socket for the transport,
+either the default socket as defined by the PGHOST environment variable:
+{{{
+postgres://user:password@/database
+}}}
+or a specific one:
+{{{
+postgres://user:password@/database?host=/path/to/socket/dir
+}}}
+
+Note that with PostgreSQL you will have to create the database before running
+`trac-admin initenv`.
+
+See the [http://www.postgresql.org/docs/ PostgreSQL documentation] for detailed instructions on how to administer [http://postgresql.org PostgreSQL].
+Generally, the following is sufficient to create a database user named `tracuser`, and a database named `trac`.
+{{{
+createuser -U postgres -E -P tracuser
+createdb -U postgres -O tracuser -E UTF8 trac
+}}}
+When running `createuser` you will be prompted for the password for the user 'tracuser'. This new user will not be a superuser, will not be allowed to create other databases and will not be allowed to create other roles. These privileges are not needed to run a trac instance. If no password is desired for the user, simply remove the `-P` and `-E` options from the `createuser` command.  Also note that the database should be created as UTF8. LATIN1 encoding causes errors trac's use of unicode in trac.  SQL_ASCII also seems to work.
+
+Under some default configurations (debian) one will have run the `createuser` and `createdb` scripts as the `postgres` user.  For example:
+{{{
+sudo su - postgres -c 'createuser -U postgres -S -D -R -E -P tracuser'
+sudo su - postgres -c 'createdb -U postgres -O tracuser -E UTF8 trac'
+}}}
+
+Trac uses the `public` schema by default but you can specify a different schema in the connection string:
+{{{
+postgres://user:pass@server/database?schema=yourschemaname
+}}}
+
+=== MySQL Connection String ===
+
+If you want to use MySQL instead, you'll have to use a
+different connection string. For example, to connect to a MySQL
+database on the same machine called `trac`, that allows access to the
+user `johndoe` with the password `letmein`, the mysql connection string is:
+{{{
+mysql://johndoe:letmein@localhost:3306/trac
+}}}
+
+== Source Code Repository ==
+
+You'll first have to provide the ''type'' of your repository (e.g. `svn` for Subversion,
+which is the default), then the ''path'' where the repository is located.
+
+If you don't want to use Trac with a source code repository, simply leave the ''path'' empty
+(the ''type'' information doesn't matter, then).
+
+For some systems, it is possible to specify not only the path to the repository,
+but also a ''scope'' within the repository. Trac will then only show information
+related to the files and changesets below that scope. The Subversion backend for
+Trac supports this; for other types, check the corresponding plugin's documentation.
+
+Example of a configuration for a Subversion repository:
+{{{
+[trac]
+repository_type = svn
+repository_dir = /path/to/your/repository
+}}}
+
+The configuration for a scoped Subversion repository would be:
+{{{
+[trac]
+repository_type = svn
+repository_dir = /path/to/your/repository/scope/within/repos
+}}}
+
+== Directory Structure ==
+
+An environment directory will usually consist of the following files and directories:
+
+ * `README` - Brief description of the environment.
+ * `VERSION` - Contains the environment version identifier.
+ * `attachments` - Attachments to wiki pages and tickets are stored here.
+ * `conf`
+   * `trac.ini` - Main configuration file. See TracIni.
+ * `db`
+   * `trac.db` - The SQLite database (if you're using SQLite).
+ * `htdocs` - directory containing web resources, which can be referenced in Genshi templates. '''''(0.11 only)'''''
+ * `log` - default directory for log files, if logging is turned on and a relative path is given.
+ * `plugins` - Environment-specific [wiki:TracPlugins plugins] (Python eggs, since [trac:milestone:0.10 0.10])
+ * `templates` - Custom Genshi environment-specific templates. '''''(0.11 only)'''''
+   * `site.html` - method to customize header, footer, and style, described in TracInterfaceCustomization#SiteAppearance
+ * ''`templates` - Custom [trac:ClearSilver ClearSilver] environment-specific templates. '''(0.10 only)''' ''
+   * ''`site_css.cs` - Custom CSS rules.''
+   * ''`site_footer.cs` - Custom page footer.''
+   * ''`site_header.cs` - Custom page header.''
+ * ''`wiki-macros` - Environment-specific [WikiMacros Wiki macros]. '''(0.10 only)''' ''
+
+  '''Note: don't confuse a Trac environment directory with the source code repository directory.
+It happens that the above structure is loosely modelled after the Subversion repository directory 
+structure, but they are not and ''must not'' be located at the same place.'''
+
+----
+See also: TracAdmin, TracBackup, TracIni, TracGuide